Induction of autophagy and toll-like receptor signaling by graphene oxide (WP5336)

Homo sapiens

Graphene oxide has been found in the RAW264.7 to trigger a cytokine response and resulting autophagy. It was found to be mediated by activation of TLR4 and TLR9, signalling MyD88, TRAF6, and NF-κB, resulting in cytokine expression. However, TLR signaling did not cause IFN-β expression nor IRF3 activation. The process also shows activation of Beclin 1 and LC3.

Authors

Egon Willighagen and Eric Weitz

Activity

last edited

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Organisms

Homo sapiens

Communities

Nanomaterials Pathways

Annotations

Pathway Ontology

classic metabolic pathway cytokine mediated signaling pathway

Participants

Label Type Compact URI Comment
GO Metabolite wikidata:Q95981922 graphene oxide
IFN-beta GeneProduct uniprot:P01574
IFN-gamma GeneProduct uniprot:P01579 ID annotation derived from the label.
TNF-alpha GeneProduct uniprot:P01375 ID annotation derived from the label.
NF-kappaB GeneProduct uniprot:P19838 ID annotation derived from the label.
TRAF6 GeneProduct ensembl:ENSG00000175104
MYD88 GeneProduct ensembl:ENSG00000172936
TLR4 GeneProduct ensembl:ENSG00000136869
IRF3 GeneProduct ensembl:ENSG00000126456
IFN-gamma GeneProduct uniprot:P01579
TNF-alpha GeneProduct uniprot:P01375
TLR9 GeneProduct ensembl:ENSG00000239732
Beclin1 GeneProduct uniprot:Q14457
LC3 GeneProduct uniprot:Q9H492 Guess based on Wikipedia, which mentions this LC3 in the context of autophagy.

References

  1. Simultaneous induction of autophagy and toll-like receptor signaling pathways by graphene oxide. Chen GY, Yang HJ, Lu CH, Chao YC, Hwang SM, Chen CL, et al. Biomaterials. 2012 Sep;33(27):6559–69. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia