Vitamin B9 (folate) biosynthesis pathway (WP2353)

Zea mays

Tetrahydrofolate (THF) acts as a carrier for one-carbon units and, less often, as an electron donor. THF contains pterin, p-aminobenzoate, and glutamate moieties. The pterin is made in the cytosol from GTP, p-aminobenzoate is made from chorismate in plastids, and the two are coupled together in mitochondria to give dihydropteroate. Glutamylation and reduction steps in mitochondria then yield THF (Hanson and Gregory, 2011; Ravanel et al., 2011). THF and its one-carbon derivatives (collectively termed folates) occur mainly as polyglutamates; these have a short polyglutamyl tail that can be added in mitochondria, plastids, or cytosol. Folate polyglutamates can be imported into vacuoles, where the polyglutamyl tail can be removed by γ-glutamylhydrolase. p-Aminobenzoate can be converted to its glucose ester in the cytosol, and imported into vacuoles.

Authors

Pankaj Jaiswal , Svetlana Gerdes , Egon Willighagen , Kristina Hanspers , and Martina Summer-Kutmon

Activity

last edited

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Organisms

Zea mays

Communities

Annotations

Pathway Ontology

folate metabolic pathway folate metabolic pathway

Cell Type Ontology

obsolete plant cell

Participants

Label Type Compact URI Comment
glycolaldehyde Metabolite pubchem.compound:756
ATP Metabolite pubchem.compound:5957
dihydrofolate Metabolite chemspider:165
tetrahydrofolate Metabolite chemspider:82572
folate polyglutamate Metabolite chemspider:5815
glutamate Metabolite chebi:29987
GRMZM2G062420 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G062420
2.7.6.3 GeneProduct eccode:2.7.6.3
GRMZM2G416386 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G416386
2.5.1.15 GeneProduct eccode:2.5.1.15
6.3.2.12 GeneProduct eccode:6.3.2.12
1.5.1.3 GeneProduct eccode:1.5.1.3
6.3.2.17 GeneProduct eccode:6.3.2.17
4.1.2.25 GeneProduct eccode:4.1.2.25
3.6.1.n4 GeneProduct eccode:3.6.1.n4
3.5.4.16 GeneProduct eccode:3.5.4.16
4.1.3.38 GeneProduct eccode:4.1.3.38
2.6.1.85 GeneProduct eccode:2.6.1.85
3.4.19.9 GeneProduct eccode:3.4.19.9
GRMZM2G106376 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G106376
GRMZM2G015588 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G015588
GRMZM2G095579 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G095579
GRMZM2G069596 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G069596
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GRMZM2G169481 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G169481
GRMZM2G304915 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G304915
GRMZM2G072608 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G072608
GRMZM2G421493 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G421493
GRMZM2G005990 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G005990
GRMZM2G139880 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G139880
GRMZM2G393334 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G393334
GRMZM5G869779 GeneProduct :GRMZM5G869779
GRMZM2G095955 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G095955
GRMZM2G363554 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G363554
GRMZM2G344993 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G344993
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GRMZM2G027603 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G027603
GRMZM2G084181 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G084181
GRMZM2G469469 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G469469
GRMZM2G073429 GeneProduct :GRMZM2G073429

References

  1. Folate biosynthesis, turnover, and transport in plants. Hanson AD, Gregory JF 3rd. Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2011;62:105–25. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Plant B vitamin pathways and their compartmentation: a guide for the perplexed. Gerdes S, Lerma-Ortiz C, Frelin O, Seaver SMD, Henry CS, de Crécy-Lagard V, et al. J Exp Bot. 2012 Sep;63(15):5379–95. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia