Cocaine is rapidly metabolized to major metabolites, benzoylecgonine and ecgonine methyl ester and minor metabolites, norcocaine, p-hydroxycocaine, m-hydroxycocaine, p-hydroxybenzoylecgonine (pOHBE),and rn-hydroxybenzoylecgonine. (http://jat.oxfordjournals.org/content/30/8/501.long)a56c3bab9frecrack is the free base form of cocaineflavin-containing monooxygenaseab9anhydroecgonine methylesteranhydroecgoninepart of oxidative metabolism, N-demethylationab9anhydroecgonine ethyl estertoxic metabolitepseudocholinesteraseab9human carboxylesterase-2ab9human carboxylesterase-1ab9noranhydroecgoninecytochrome P450human carboxylesterase-1ab9human carboxylesterase-2ab9human carboxylesterase-1ab9ab9ab9a56ab9ab9ab9a56ab9ab9ab9ab9a56a56transesterificationab9be6a56a56ab9ab9a56ab9ab9transesterificationab9ab9ab9bd0a56ab9ab9classic metabolic pathwayPW:0000002Pathway Ontologycocaine drug pathwayPW:0002533Pathway Ontology17132243PubMedMajor and minor metabolites of cocaine in human plasma following controlled subcutaneous cocaine administration.J Anal Toxicol2006Kolbrich EABarnes AJGorelick DABoyd SJCone EJHuestis MA23675856PubMedEvaluation of in vitro metabolic systems for common drugs of abuse. 1. Cocaine.Xenobiotica2013Schneider KJDeCaprio AP16778732PubMedToxicokinetics of drugs of abuse: current knowledge of the isoenzymes involved in the human metabolism of tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, heroin, morphine, and codeine.Ther Drug Monit2006Maurer HHSauer CTheobald DS8287036PubMedFormation of p-hydroxycocaine from cocaine by hepatic microsomes of animals and its pharmacological effects in mice.Biol Pharm Bull1993Watanabe KHida YMatsunaga TYamamoto IYoshimura H6835204PubMedN-demethylation of cocaine to norcocaine. Evidence for participation by cytochrome P-450 and FAD-containing monooxygenase.Mol Pharmacol1983Kloss MWRosen GMRauckman EJ