G proteins, short for guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins involved in second messenger cascades.
G proteins are so called because they function as "molecular switches". They alternate from 'inactive' guanosine diphosphate (GDP) to 'active' guanosine triphosphate (GTP), which is a binding state, and which proceeds to regulate downstream cell processes.
Source: [[wikipedia:G_protein|Wikipedia]]This pathway was inferred from Homo sapiens pathway [http://wikipathways.org/instance/WP35_r79952 WP35(79952)] with a 95.0% conversion rate.a06bb9HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5577HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2790HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:27115HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:109HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:111HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:55970HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2791HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:10270HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5533HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:8165HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5575HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2778HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5580HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2784HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5141HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5153HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2776HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2775HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5144HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5579HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:6237HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:9630HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:9495HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2781HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:196883HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:8622HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:4893HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:51764HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2792HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2783HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5573HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2767HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5583HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5530HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2770HomologyConvert: Multiple homologues found: En:ENSBTAG00000001575;En:ENSBTAG00000025644;HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5567HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5576HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:10681HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:3760HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5331HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:9465HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:10672HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:112HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:10566HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5136HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5137HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:108HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2775HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2774HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5587HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:23683HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:115HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:9472HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:107HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5533HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:11214HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2769HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5151HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:9590HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:387HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:8852HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2773HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:11215HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2793HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5588HomologyConvert: Multiple homologues found: En:ENSBTAG00000014471;En:ENSBTAG00000014471;HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5143HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:94235HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5581HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2788HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5582HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2782HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5578HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5584HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2787HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2785HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:3265HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5590HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:9138HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:11216HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2770HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:114HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:113HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5566HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5142HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:5150HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:10142HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2786HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2768HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:3708HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:6548HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:2771G protein mediated signaling pathway via Galpha12/Galpha13 familyPW:0000230Pathway OntologyG protein mediated signaling pathwayPW:0000125Pathway OntologyG protein mediated signaling pathway via Galphas familyPW:0000227Pathway OntologyG protein mediated signaling pathway via Galphaq familyPW:0000229Pathway OntologyG protein mediated signaling pathway via Galphai familyPW:0000228Pathway Ontology12040175PubMedG protein pathways.Science2002Neves SRRam PTIyengar R3103658PubMedG proteins: a family of signal transducers.Annu Rev Cell Biol1986Stryer LBourne HR