Diet-dependent trimethylamine/trimethylamine N-oxide metabolism (WP5219)

Homo sapiens

Authors

Nina Valenbreder , Kristina Hanspers , Eric Weitz , Egon Willighagen , and Denise Slenter

Activity

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Cited In

• Mapping out the gut microbiota-dependent trimethylamine N-oxide super pathway for systems biology applications.

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Organisms

Homo sapiens

Communities

Annotations

Pathway Ontology

classic metabolic pathway

References

1. Methylotrophic Bacteria in Trimethylaminuria and Bacterial Vaginosis. Wood AP, Warren FJ, Kelly DP. In: Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology [Internet]. Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2010. p. 3227–40. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_245 DOI Scholia
2. Betaine: New Oxidant in the Stickland Reaction and Methanogenesis from Betaine and l-Alanine by a Clostridium sporogenes-Methanosarcina barkeri Coculture. Naumann E, Hippe H, Gottschalk G. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Feb;45(2):474–83. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
3. Microbial conversion of choline to trimethylamine requires a glycyl radical enzyme. Craciun S, Balskus EP. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Dec 26;109(52):21307–12. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
4. Trimethylamine and Trimethylamine N-Oxide, a Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase 3 (FMO3)-Mediated Host-Microbiome Metabolic Axis Implicated in Health and Disease. Fennema D, Phillips IR, Shephard EA. Drug Metab Dispos. 2016 Nov;44(11):1839–50. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
5. Betaine in Inflammation: Mechanistic Aspects and Applications. Zhao G, He F, Wu C, Li P, Li N, Deng J, et al. Front Immunol. 2018 May 24;9:1070. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
6. Purification and Characterization of the Choline Trimethylamine-Lyase (CutC)-Activating Protein CutD. Bodea S, Balskus EP. Methods Enzymol. 2018;606:73–94. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
7. Choline oxidases. Gadda G. Enzymes. 2020;47:137–66. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
8. Structural basis of carnitine monooxygenase CntA substrate specificity, inhibition, and intersubunit electron transfer. Quareshy M, Shanmugam M, Townsend E, Jameson E, Bugg TDH, Cameron AD, et al. J Biol Chem. 2021;296:100038. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
9. Elucidation of an anaerobic pathway for metabolism of l-carnitine-derived γ-butyrobetaine to trimethylamine in human gut bacteria. Rajakovich LJ, Fu B, Bollenbach M, Balskus EP. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Aug 10;118(32):e2101498118. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
10. The microbial gbu gene cluster links cardiovascular disease risk associated with red meat consumption to microbiota L-carnitine catabolism. Buffa JA, Romano KA, Copeland MF, Cody DB, Zhu W, Galvez R, et al. Nat Microbiol. 2022 Jan;7(1):73–86. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia