GHB metabolic pathway (Homo sapiens)
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Description
Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a naturally occurring neurotransmitter and a psychoactive drug. This compound is a precursor to GABA, glutamate, and glycine in certain brain areas, acts on the GHB receptor and is a weak agonist at the GABAB receptor.
GHB has been used in a medical setting as a general anesthetic and as a treatment for cataplexy, narcolepsy, and alcoholism. It is also used illegally as an intoxicant, to try to increase athletic performance, and as a date rape drug. GHB is also produced as a result of fermentation, and is found in small quantities in some beers and wines, beef and small citrus fruits. Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency is a disease that causes GHB to accumulate in the blood.
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Ontology Terms
Saving...Bibliography
- Struys EA, Verhoeven NM, Jansen EE, Ten Brink HJ, Gupta M, Burlingame TG, Quang LS, Maher T, Rinaldo P, Snead OC, Goodwin AK, Weerts EM, Brown PR, Murphy TC, Picklo MJ, Jakobs C, Gibson KM; ''Metabolism of gamma-hydroxybutyrate to d-2-hydroxyglutarate in mammals: further evidence for d-2-hydroxyglutarate transhydrogenase.''; Metabolism, 2006 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
History
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External references
DataNodes
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| Name | Type | Database reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| d-2-hydroxyglutarate transhydrogenase | Protein | 1.1.99.24 (Enzyme Nomenclature)  | |
| 1,4-butanediol | Metabolite | Q161521 (Wikidata) | |
| 3,4-dihydrobutyric acid | Metabolite | 150929 (PubChem-compound) | |
| 3-oxo-4-hydroxybutyric acid | Metabolite | 19793911 (PubChem-compound) | |
| 4,5-dihydroxyhexanoic acid | Metabolite | Q27161948 (Wikidata) | |
| 4-hydroxybutaldehyde | Metabolite | 93093 (PubChem-compound) | a.k.a. gamma-Hydroxybutyraldehyde |
| ADH | Protein | Q410754 (Wikidata) | alcohol dehydrogenase |
| ALDH | Protein | 1.2.1.3 (Enzyme Nomenclature) | aldehyde dehydrogenase |
| GABA transaminase | Protein | Q21118182 (Wikidata) | |
| GHB dehydrogenase | Protein | 1.1.1.61 (Enzyme Nomenclature) | |
| SSA reductase | Protein | Q21097418 (Wikidata) | |
| SSADH | Q2823333 (Wikidata) | DISEASE: succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency | |
| Serum paraoxonase/lactonase 3 (a) | Protein | 3.1.8.1 (Enzyme Nomenclature) | |
| Serum paraoxonase/lactonase 3 (b) | Protein | 3.1.1.81 (Enzyme Nomenclature) | |
| Serum paraoxonase/lactonase 3 (c) | Protein | 3.1.1.2 (Enzyme Nomenclature) | |
| TCA cycle | Pathway | WP78 (WikiPathways) | |
| fatty acid beta-oxidation spiral | Pathway | WP143 (WikiPathways) | |
| gamma-aminobutanoic acid (GABA) | Metabolite | Q210021 (Wikidata) | a.k.a. gamma-Aminobutyric acid |
| gamma-butyrolactone | Metabolite | Q79739 (Wikidata) | |
| gamma-hydroxybutanoic acid (GHB) | Metabolite | Q207920 (Wikidata) | a.k.a. gamma-hydroxybutanoic acid |
| glycolic acid | Metabolite | Q409373 (Wikidata) | |
| lactamase | Protein | 3.5.2.6 (Enzyme Nomenclature) | |
| succinic acid | Metabolite | Q213050 (Wikidata) | |
| succinic semialdehyde | Metabolite | Q4602542 (Wikidata) |
Annotated Interactions
No annotated interactions
