In the G1 phase there are two types of DNA damage responses, the p53-dependent and the p53-independent pathways. The p53-dependent responses inhibit CDKs through the up-regulation of genes encoding CKIs mediated by the p53 protein, whereas the p53-independent mechanisms inhibit CDKs through the inhibitory T14Y15 phosphorylation of Cdk2. Failure of DNA damage checkpoints in G1 leads to mutagenic replication of damaged templates and other replication defects. Source: Reactome http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&FOCUS_SPECIES=Homo%20sapiens&ID=69615&

Authors

Alexander C. Zambon , Kristina Hanspers , Christine Chichester , and Marvin Martens

Cited In

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Organism

Danio rerio

Communities

Annotations

Pathway Ontology: G1/S DNA damage checkpoint pathway

Participants

References

1. GADD45 regulates G2/M arrest, DNA repair, and cell death in keratinocytes following ultraviolet exposure. Maeda T, Hanna AN, Sim AB, Chua PP, Chong MT, Tron VA. J Invest Dermatol. 2002 Jul;119(1):22–6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia