This pathway is based on the [http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/show_pathway?map04614+C15850 KEGG pathway] of renin-angiotensin and the [http://www.ambion.com/tools/pathway/pathway.php?pathway=Renin-Angiotensin%20Pathway Ambion pathway] of renin-angiotensin

Authors

Rishi , Mark Van Grinsven , Thomas Kelder , Chris Evelo , Daniela Digles , Martina Summer-Kutmon , Agustin Gonzalez-Vicente , Egon Willighagen , Denise Slenter , Kristina Hanspers , and Eric Weitz

Cited In

• 

Are you planning to include this pathway in your next publication? See How to Cite and add a link here to your paper once it's online.

Organism

Rattus norvegicus

Communities

Annotations

Disease Ontology: renal hypertension hypertension

Pathway Ontology: renin-angiotensin cascade pathway

Participants

References

1. Martinelli I, Mainini E, Mazzi C. Effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan on the secretion of PRL, GH, TSH and cortisol in obesity. Minerva Endocrinol. 1992;17(3):121–6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
2. Deng Y, Rapp JP. Cosegregation of blood pressure with angiotensin converting enzyme and atrial natriuretic peptide receptor genes using Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Nat Genet. 1992 Jul;1(4):267–72. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
3. Langford K, Frenzel K, Martin BM, Bernstein KE. The genomic organization of the rat AT1 angiotensin receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Mar 31;183(3):1025–32. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
4. Iwai N, Inagami T. Identification of two subtypes in the rat type I angiotensin II receptor. FEBS Lett. 1992 Feb 24;298(2–3):257–60. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
5. Ye MQ, Healy DP. Characterization of an angiotensin type-1 receptor partial cDNA from rat kidney: evidence for a novel AT1B receptor subtype. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 May 29;185(1):204–10. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
6. Jacob HJ, Lindpaintner K, Lincoln SE, Kusumi K, Bunker RK, Mao YP, et al. Genetic mapping of a gene causing hypertension in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat. Cell. 1991 Oct 4;67(1):213–24. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
7. Funkhouser JD, Tangada SD, Jones M, O SJ, Peterson RD. p146 type II alveolar epithelial cell antigen is identical to aminopeptidase N. Am J Physiol. 1991 Apr;260(4 Pt 1):L274-9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
8. Cole KR, Kumar S, Trong HL, Woodbury RG, Walsh KA, Neurath H. Rat mast cell carboxypeptidase: amino acid sequence and evidence of enzyme activity within mast cell granules. Biochemistry. 1991 Jan 22;30(3):648–55. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
9. Murphy TJ, Alexander RW, Griendling KK, Runge MS, Bernstein KE. Isolation of a cDNA encoding the vascular type-1 angiotensin II receptor. Nature. 1991 May 16;351(6323):233–6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
10. Iwai N, Yamano Y, Chaki S, Konishi F, Bardhan S, Tibbetts C, et al. Rat angiotensin II receptor: cDNA sequence and regulation of the gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 May 31;177(1):299–304. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
11. Björk P, Ohlsson K. Purification and N-terminal amino-acid sequence analysis of rat polymorphonuclear leukocyte cathepsin G. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler. 1990 Jul;371(7):595–601. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
12. Pierotti A, Dong KW, Glucksman MJ, Orlowski M, Roberts JL. Molecular cloning and primary structure of rat testes metalloendopeptidase EC 3.4.24.15. Biochemistry. 1990 Nov 13;29(45):10323–9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
13. Young D, O’Neill K, Jessell T, Wigler M. Characterization of the rat mas oncogene and its high-level expression in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(14):5339–42. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
14. Watt VM, Yip CC. Amino acid sequence deduced from a rat kidney cDNA suggests it encodes the Zn-peptidase aminopeptidase N. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5480–7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
15. Malfroy B, Kado-Fong H, Gros C, Giros B, Schwartz JC, Hellmiss R. Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of rat kidney aminopeptidase M: a member of a super family of zinc-metallohydrolases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 May 30;161(1):236–41. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
16. Bateman RC Jr, Jackson D, Slaughter CA, Unnithan S, Chai YG, Moomaw C, et al. Identification of the active-site arginine in rat neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (enkephalinase) as arginine 102 and analysis of a glutamine 102 mutant. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 15;264(11):6151–7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
17. Tronik D, Ekker M, Rougeon F. Structural analysis of 5’-flanking regions of rat, mouse and human renin genes reveals the presence of a transposable-like element in the two mouse genes. Gene. 1988 Sep 15;69(1):71–80. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
18. Burnham CE, Hawelu-Johnson CL, Frank BM, Lynch KR. Molecular cloning of rat renin cDNA and its gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Aug;84(16):5605–9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
19. Fukamizu A, Nishi K, Cho T, Saitoh M, Nakayama K, Ohkubo H, et al. Structure of the rat renin gene. J Mol Biol. 1988 May 20;201(2):443–50. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
20. Tada M, Fukamizu A, Seo MS, Takahashi S, Murakami K. Nucleotide sequence of rat renin cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Apr 25;16(8):3576. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
21. Malfroy B, Schofield PR, Kuang WJ, Seeburg PH, Mason AJ, Henzel WJ. Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of rat enkephalinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987 Apr 14;144(1):59–66. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
22. Tucker BJ, Mundy CA, Maciejewski AR, Printz MP, Ziegler MG, Pelayo JC, et al. Changes in glomerular hemodynamic response to angiotensin II after subacute renal denervation in rats. J Clin Invest. 1986 Sep;78(3):680–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
23. Ohkubo H, Nakayama K, Tanaka T, Nakanishi S. Tissue distribution of rat angiotensinogen mRNA and structural analysis of its heterogeneity. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 5;261(1):319–23. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
24. Rettig R, Healy DP, Printz MP. Cardiovascular effects of microinjections of angiotensin II into the nucleus tractus solitarii. Brain Res. 1986 Feb 5;364(2):233–40. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
25. Healy DP, Printz MP. Angiotensinogen levels in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid of the genetically hypertensive rat. Hypertension. 1985;7(5):752–9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
26. Nakayama T, Nakajima T, Sokabe H. Comparative studies on angiotensins. II. Structure of rat angiotensin and its identification by DNS-method. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1972 Jul;20(7):1579–81. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
27. Ide H, Itoh H, Tomita M, Murakumo Y, Kobayashi T, Maruyama H, et al. Cloning of the cDNA encoding a novel rat mast-cell proteinase, rMCP-3, and its expression in comparison with other rat mast-cell proteinases. Biochem J. 1995 Oct 15;311 ( Pt 2)(Pt 2):675–80. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
28. Koike G, Winer ES, Horiuchi M, Brown DM, Szpirer C, Dzau VJ, et al. Cloning, characterization, and genetic mapping of the rat type 2 angiotensin II receptor gene. Hypertension. 1995 Dec;26(6 Pt 1):998–1002. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
29. Deng AY, Rapp JP. Locus for the inducible, but not a constitutive, nitric oxide synthase cosegregates with blood pressure in the Dahl salt-sensitive rat. J Clin Invest. 1995 May;95(5):2170–7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
30. Keller SR, Scott HM, Mastick CC, Aebersold R, Lienhard GE. Cloning and characterization of a novel insulin-regulated membrane aminopeptidase from Glut4 vesicles. J Biol Chem. 1995 Oct 6;270(40):23612–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
31. Kreutz R, Hübner N, Ganten D, Lindpaintner K. Genetic linkage of the ACE gene to plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme activity but not to blood pressure. A quantitative trait locus confers identical complex phenotypes in human and rat hypertension. Circulation. 1995 Nov 1;92(9):2381–4. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
32. Dauch P, Vincent JP, Checler F. Molecular cloning and expression of rat brain endopeptidase 3.4.24.16. J Biol Chem. 1995 Nov 10;270(45):27266–71. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
33. Kobayashi S, Ohnishi J, Nibu Y, Nishimatsu S, Umemura S, Ishii M, et al. Cloning of the rat angiotensin II type 2 receptor gene and identification of its functional promoter region. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 Jun 9;1262(2–3):155–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
34. Harris EL, Phelan EL, Thompson CM, Millar JA, Grigor MR. Heart mass and blood pressure have separate genetic determinants in the New Zealand genetically hypertensive (GH) rat. J Hypertens. 1995 Apr;13(4):397–404. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
35. Inagami T, Iwai N, Sasaki K, Yamano Y, Bardhan S, Chaki S, et al. Cloning, expression and regulation of angiotensin II receptors. Eur Heart J. 1994 Dec;15 Suppl D:104–7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
36. Serizawa A, Dando PM, Barrett AJ. Characterization of a mitochondrial metallopeptidase reveals neurolysin as a homologue of thimet oligopeptidase. J Biol Chem. 1995 Feb 3;270(5):2092–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
37. Song L, Ye M, Troyanovskaya M, Wilk E, Wilk S, Healy DP. Rat kidney glutamyl aminopeptidase (aminopeptidase A): molecular identity and cellular localization. Am J Physiol. 1994 Oct;267(4 Pt 2):F546-57. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
38. Deng AY, Dene H, Rapp JP. Mapping of a quantitative trait locus for blood pressure on rat chromosome 2. J Clin Invest. 1994 Jul;94(1):431–6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
39. Manser E, Leung T, Salihuddin H, Zhao ZS, Lim L. A brain serine/threonine protein kinase activated by Cdc42 and Rac1. Nature. 1994 Jan 6;367(6458):40–6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
40. Mastick CC, Aebersold R, Lienhard GE. Characterization of a major protein in GLUT4 vesicles. Concentration in the vesicles and insulin-stimulated translocation to the plasma membrane. J Biol Chem. 1994 Feb 25;269(8):6089–92. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
41. Cali JJ, Zwaagstra JC, Mons N, Cooper DM, Krupinski J. Type VIII adenylyl cyclase. A Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated enzyme expressed in discrete regions of rat brain. J Biol Chem. 1994 Apr 22;269(16):12190–5. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
42. Kyriakis JM, Banerjee P, Nikolakaki E, Dai T, Rubie EA, Ahmad MF, et al. The stress-activated protein kinase subfamily of c-Jun kinases. Nature. 1994 May 12;369(6476):156–60. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
43. McKie N, Dando PM, Rawlings ND, Barrett AJ. Thimet oligopeptidase: similarity to “soluble angiotensin II-binding protein” and some corrections to the published amino acid sequence of the rat testis enzyme. Biochem J. 1993 Oct 1;295 ( Pt 1)(Pt 1):57–60. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
44. Mukoyama M, Nakajima M, Horiuchi M, Sasamura H, Pratt RE, Dzau VJ. Expression cloning of type 2 angiotensin II receptor reveals a unique class of seven-transmembrane receptors. J Biol Chem. 1993 Nov 25;268(33):24539–42. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
45. Kambayashi Y, Bardhan S, Takahashi K, Tsuzuki S, Inui H, Hamakubo T, et al. Molecular cloning of a novel angiotensin II receptor isoform involved in phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibition. J Biol Chem. 1993 Nov 25;268(33):24543–6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
46. Troyanovskaya M, Song L, Jayaraman G, Healy DP. Expression of aminopeptidase A, an angiotensinase, in glomerular mesangial cells. Hypertension. 1996 Mar;27(3 Pt 2):518–22. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
47. Sleat DE, Sohar I, Lackland H, Majercak J, Lobel P. Rat brain contains high levels of mannose-6-phosphorylated glycoproteins including lysosomal enzymes and palmitoyl-protein thioesterase, an enzyme implicated in infantile neuronal lipofuscinosis. J Biol Chem. 1996 Aug 9;271(32):19191–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
48. Lützelschwab C, Pejler G, Aveskogh M, Hellman L. Secretory granule proteases in rat mast cells. Cloning of 10 different serine proteases and a carboxypeptidase A from various rat mast cell populations. J Exp Med. 1997 Jan 6;185(1):13–29. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
49. Gillis LD, Pendley DS, Funkhouser JD. The major APN transcript of the alveolar type II epithelial cell originates from a unique upstream promoter region. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 Aug 20;1399(2–3):126–40. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
50. Kim SO, Irwin P, Katz S, Pelech SL. Expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways during postnatal development of rat heart. J Cell Biochem. 1998 Nov 1;71(2):286–301. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
51. Butterfield L, Zentrich E, Beekman A, Heasley LE. Stress- and cell type-dependent regulation of transfected c-Jun N-terminal kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase isoforms. Biochem J. 1999 Mar 15;338 ( Pt 3)(Pt 3):681–6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
52. Hu MC, Wang YP, Mikhail A, Qiu WR, Tan TH. Murine p38-delta mitogen-activated protein kinase, a developmentally regulated protein kinase that is activated by stress and proinflammatory cytokines. J Biol Chem. 1999 Mar 12;274(11):7095–102. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
53. Chappell MC, Gomez MN, Pirro NT, Ferrario CM. Release of angiotensin-(1-7) from the rat hindlimb: influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. Hypertension. 2000 Jan;35(1 Pt 2):348–52. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
54. Lee HJ, Tomioka M, Takaki Y, Masumoto H, Saido TC. Molecular cloning and expression of aminopeptidase A isoforms from rat hippocampus. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Sep 7;1493(1–2):273–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
55. McCool S, Pierotti AR. Expression of the thimet oligopeptidase gene is regulated by positively and negatively acting elements. DNA Cell Biol. 2000 Dec;19(12):729–38. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
56. Brown CK, Madauss K, Lian W, Beck MR, Tolbert WD, Rodgers DW. Structure of neurolysin reveals a deep channel that limits substrate access. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Mar 13;98(6):3127–32. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
57. Kramár EA, Armstrong DL, Ikeda S, Wayner MJ, Harding JW, Wright JW. The effects of angiotensin IV analogs on long-term potentiation within the CA1 region of the hippocampus in vitro. Brain Res. 2001 Apr 6;897(1–2):114–21. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
58. Laes JF, Ravoet M, Quan X, Van Vooren P, Szpirer J, Szpirer C. Improved radiation hybrid map of rat chromosome 2: colocalization of the genes encoding corticotropin-releasing hormone and IL6-receptor with quantitative trait loci regulating the inflammatory response. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 2001;92(1–2):130–3. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
59. Hamilton TA, Handa RK, Harding JW, Wright JW. A role for the angiotensin IV/AT4 system in mediating natriuresis in the rat. Peptides. 2001 Jun;22(6):935–44. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
60. Thoidis G, Kandror KV. A Glut4-vesicle marker protein, insulin-responsive aminopeptidase, is localized in a novel vesicular compartment in PC12 cells. Traffic. 2001 Aug;2(8):577–87. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
61. Houdali B, Nguyen V, Ammon HPT, Haap M, Schechinger W, Machicao F, et al. Prolonged glucose infusion into conscious rats inhibits early steps in insulin signalling and induces translocation of GLUT4 and protein kinase C in skeletal muscle. Diabetologia. 2002 Mar;45(3):356–68. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
62. Crackower MA, Sarao R, Oudit GY, Yagil C, Kozieradzki I, Scanga SE, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is an essential regulator of heart function. Nature. 2002 Jun 20;417(6891):822–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
63. Poumarat J-S, Houillier P, Rismondo C, Roques B, Lazar G, Paillard M, et al. The luminal membrane of rat thick limb expresses AT1 receptor and aminopeptidase activities. Kidney Int. 2002 Aug;62(2):434–45. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
64. Ray K, Hines CS, Rodgers DW. Mapping sequence differences between thimet oligopeptidase and neurolysin implicates key residues in substrate recognition. Protein Sci. 2002 Sep;11(9):2237–46. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
65. Khurana A, Dey CS. Involvement of Elk-1 in L6E9 skeletal muscle differentiation. FEBS Lett. 2002 Sep 11;527(1–3):119–24. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
66. Jiang Q, Gu Z, Zhang G. Activation, involvement and nuclear translocation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase 1 and 2 in glutamate-induced apoptosis in cultured rat cortical neurons. Brain Res. 2002 Nov 29;956(2):194–201. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
67. Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, et al. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):16899–903. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
68. Norman MU, Lew RA, Smith AI, Hickey MJ. Metalloendopeptidases EC 3.4.24.15/16 regulate bradykinin activity in the cerebral microvasculature. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2003 Jun;284(6):H1942-8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
69. Leskinen MJ, Lindstedt KA, Wang Y, Kovanen PT. Mast cell chymase induces smooth muscle cell apoptosis by a mechanism involving fibronectin degradation and disruption of focal adhesions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003 Feb 1;23(2):238–43. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
70. Norman MU, Reeve SB, Dive V, Smith AI, Lew RA. Endopeptidases 3.4.24.15 and 24.16 in endothelial cells: potential role in vasoactive peptide metabolism. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2003 Jun;284(6):H1978-84. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
71. Tikellis C, Johnston CI, Forbes JM, Burns WC, Burrell LM, Risvanis J, et al. Characterization of renal angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in diabetic nephropathy. Hypertension. 2003 Mar;41(3):392–7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
72. Dennehy KM, Kerstan A, Bischof A, Park J-H, Na S-Y, Hünig T. Mitogenic signals through CD28 activate the protein kinase Ctheta-NF-kappaB pathway in primary peripheral T cells. Int Immunol. 2003 May;15(5):655–63. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
73. Brosnihan KB, Neves LAA, Joyner J, Averill DB, Chappell MC, Sarao R, et al. Enhanced renal immunocytochemical expression of ANG-(1-7) and ACE2 during pregnancy. Hypertension. 2003 Oct;42(4):749–53. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
74. Karlson U, Pejler G, Tomasini-Johansson B, Hellman L. Extended substrate specificity of rat mast cell protease 5, a rodent alpha-chymase with elastase-like primary specificity. J Biol Chem. 2003 Oct 10;278(41):39625–31. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
75. Zylka MJ, Dong X, Southwell AL, Anderson DJ. Atypical expansion in mice of the sensory neuron-specific Mrg G protein-coupled receptor family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 19;100(17):10043–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
76. Morrison LS, Pierotti AR. Thimet oligopeptidase expression is differentially regulated in neuroendocrine and spermatid cell lines by transcription factor binding to SRY (sex-determining region Y), CAAT and CREB (cAMP-response-element-binding protein) promoter consensus sequences. Biochem J. 2003 Nov 15;376(Pt 1):189–97. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
77. Saito N, Courtois G, Chiba A, Yamamoto N, Nitta T, Hironaka N, et al. Two carboxyl-terminal activation regions of Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 activate NF-kappaB through distinct signaling pathways in fibroblast cell lines. J Biol Chem. 2003 Nov 21;278(47):46565–75. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
78. Nadruz W Jr, Kobarg CB, Kobarg J, Franchini KG. c-Jun is regulated by combination of enhanced expression and phosphorylation in acute-overloaded rat heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2004 Feb;286(2):H760-7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
79. Li W, Moore MJ, Vasilieva N, Sui J, Wong SK, Berne MA, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus. Nature. 2003 Nov 27;426(6965):450–4. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
80. Towler P, Staker B, Prasad SG, Menon S, Tang J, Parsons T, et al. ACE2 X-ray structures reveal a large hinge-bending motion important for inhibitor binding and catalysis. J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 23;279(17):17996–8007. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
81. Zhang J, Anastasiadis PZ, Liu Y, Thompson EA, Fields AP. Protein kinase C (PKC) betaII induces cell invasion through a Ras/Mek-, PKC iota/Rac 1-dependent signaling pathway. J Biol Chem. 2004 May 21;279(21):22118–23. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
82. Kwitek AE, Gullings-Handley J, Yu J, Carlos DC, Orlebeke K, Nie J, et al. High-density rat radiation hybrid maps containing over 24,000 SSLPs, genes, and ESTs provide a direct link to the rat genome sequence. Genome Res. 2004 Apr;14(4):750–7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
83. Sundberg-Smith LJ, Doherty JT, Mack CP, Taylor JM. Adhesion stimulates direct PAK1/ERK2 association and leads to ERK-dependent PAK1 Thr212 phosphorylation. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jan 21;280(3):2055–64. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
84. Leckie BJ. Targeting the renin-angiotensin system: what’s new? Curr Med Chem Cardiovasc Hematol Agents. 2005 Jan;3(1):23–32. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
85. Wang S-F, Liang Q, Li G-W, Gao K. Gene expression profile in rat small intestinal allografts after cold preservation/reperfusion. World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Feb 14;11(6):885–9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
86. Reudelhuber TL. The renin-angiotensin system: peptides and enzymes beyond angiotensin II. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2005 Mar;14(2):155–9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
87. Russo A, Russo G, Peticca M, Pietropaolo C, Di Rosa M, Iuvone T. Inhibition of granuloma-associated angiogenesis by controlling mast cell mediator release: role of mast cell protease-5. Br J Pharmacol. 2005 May;145(1):24–33. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
88. Cai Y, Stafford LJ, Bryan BA, Mitchell D, Liu M. G-protein-activated phospholipase C-beta, new partners for cell polarity proteins Par3 and Par6. Oncogene. 2005 Jun 16;24(26):4293–300. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
89. Li C-H, Wang R-M, Zhang Q-G, Zhang G-Y. Activated mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 redistributes to the cytosol and binds to Jun N-terminal kinase-interacting protein 1 involving oxidative stress during early reperfusion in rat hippocampal CA1 region. J Neurochem. 2005 Apr;93(2):290–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
90. Sadjadi J, Kramer GL, Yu C-H, Burress Welborn M 3rd, Chappell MC, Gregory Modrall J. Angiotensin converting enzyme-independent angiotensin ii production by chymase is up-regulated in the ischemic kidney in renovascular hypertension. J Surg Res. 2005 Aug;127(2):65–9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
91. Fernando RN, Larm J, Albiston AL, Chai SY. Distribution and cellular localization of insulin-regulated aminopeptidase in the rat central nervous system. J Comp Neurol. 2005 Jul 11;487(4):372–90. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
92. Schmid C, Ghirlanda-Keller C, Gosteli-Peter M. Ascorbic acid decreases neutral endopeptidase activity in cultured osteoblastic cells. Regul Pept. 2005 Aug 15;130(1–2):57–66. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
93. Kim JS, Jobin C. The flavonoid luteolin prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-kappaB signalling and gene expression by blocking IkappaB kinase activity in intestinal epithelial cells and bone-marrow derived dendritic cells. Immunology. 2005 Jul;115(3):375–87. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
94. Tallant EA, Ferrario CM, Gallagher PE. Angiotensin-(1-7) inhibits growth of cardiac myocytes through activation of the mas receptor. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2005 Oct;289(4):H1560-6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
95. Oliveira V, Garrido PAG, Rodrigues CC, Colquhoun A, Castro LM, Almeida PC, et al. Calcium modulates endopeptidase 24.15 (EC 3.4.24.15) membrane association, secondary structure and substrate specificity. FEBS J. 2005 Jun;272(12):2978–92. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
96. Ahmed MM, Arif M, Chikuma T, Kato T. Pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures affect the levels of prolyl oligopeptidase, thimet oligopeptidase and glial proteins in rat brain regions, and attenuation by MK-801 pretreatment. Neurochem Int. 2005 Sep;47(4):248–59. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
97. Waetzig V, Herdegen T. MEKK1 controls neurite regrowth after experimental injury by balancing ERK1/2 and JNK2 signaling. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2005 Sep;30(1):67–78. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
98. Oya M, Mikami S, Mizuno R, Marumo K, Mukai M, Murai M. C-jun activation in acquired cystic kidney disease and renal cell carcinoma. J Urol. 2005 Aug;174(2):726. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
99. Levrand S, Pesse B, Feihl F, Waeber B, Pacher P, Rolli J, et al. Peroxynitrite is a potent inhibitor of NF-{kappa}B activation triggered by inflammatory stimuli in cardiac and endothelial cell lines. J Biol Chem. 2005 Oct 14;280(41):34878–87. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
100. Zhou J, Hu G, Herring BP. Smooth muscle-specific genes are differentially sensitive to inhibition by Elk-1. Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Nov;25(22):9874–85. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
101. Liao H, Keller SR, Castle JD. Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase marks an antigen-stimulated recycling compartment in mast cells. Traffic. 2006 Feb;7(2):155–67. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
102. Leskinen MJ, Heikkilä HM, Speer MY, Hakala JK, Laine M, Kovanen PT, et al. Mast cell chymase induces smooth muscle cell apoptosis by disrupting NF-kappaB-mediated survival signaling. Exp Cell Res. 2006 May 1;312(8):1289–98. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
103. Paliege A, Pasumarthy A, Mizel D, Yang T, Schnermann J, Bachmann S. Effect of apocynin treatment on renal expression of COX-2, NOS1, and renin in Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2006 Mar;290(3):R694-700. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
104. Ibarz G, Oiry C, Carnazzi E, Crespy P, Escrieut C, Fourmy D, et al. Cholecystokinin 1 receptor modulates the MEKK1-induced c-Jun trans-activation: structural requirements of the receptor. Br J Pharmacol. 2006 Apr;147(8):951–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
105. Jeske NA, Berg KA, Cousins JC, Ferro ES, Clarke WP, Glucksman MJ, et al. Modulation of bradykinin signaling by EP24.15 and EP24.16 in cultured trigeminal ganglia. J Neurochem. 2006 Apr;97(1):13–21. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
106. Reudelhuber TL. A place in our hearts for the lowly angiotensin 1-7 peptide? Hypertension. 2006 May;47(5):811–5. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
107. Carrera MP, Ramírez-Expósito MJ, Valenzuela MT, Dueñas B, García MJ, Mayas MD, et al. Renin-angiotensin system-regulating aminopeptidase activities are modified in the pineal gland of rats with breast cancer induced by N-methyl-nitrosourea. Cancer Invest. 2006 Mar;24(2):149–53. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
108. Pilar Carrera M, Ramírez-Expósito MJ, Dueñas B, Dolores Mayas M, Jesús García M, De la Chica S, et al. Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase/placental leucil Aminopeptidase (IRAP/P-lAP) and angiotensin IV-forming activities are modified in serum of rats with breast cancer induced by N-methyl-nitrosourea. Anticancer Res. 2006;26(2A):1011–4. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
109. Nguyen G. Renin/prorenin receptors. Kidney Int. 2006 May;69(9):1503–6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
110. Rafiq K, Kolpakov MA, Abdelfettah M, Streblow DN, Hassid A, Dell’Italia LJ, et al. Role of protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 in focal adhesion kinase down-regulation during neutrophil cathepsin G-induced cardiomyocytes anoikis. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jul 14;281(28):19781–92. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
111. Kishi K, Jin D, Takai S, Muramatsu M, Katayama H, Tamai H, et al. Role of chymase-dependent angiotensin II formation in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats. Pediatr Res. 2006 Jul;60(1):77–82. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
112. Clément N, Glorian M, Raymondjean M, Andréani M, Limon I. PGE2 amplifies the effects of IL-1beta on vascular smooth muscle cell de-differentiation: a consequence of the versatility of PGE2 receptors 3 due to the emerging expression of adenylyl cyclase 8. J Cell Physiol. 2006 Sep;208(3):495–505. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
113. Zhang Y, Vogel WK, McCullar JS, Greenwood JA, Filtz TM. Phospholipase C-beta3 and -beta1 form homodimers, but not heterodimers, through catalytic and carboxyl-terminal domains. Mol Pharmacol. 2006 Sep;70(3):860–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
114. Uematsu F, Takahashi M, Yoshida M, Igarashi M, Nakae D. Methylation of neutral endopeptidase 24.11 promoter in rat hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci. 2006 Jul;97(7):611–7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
115. Hodges RR, Rios JD, Vrouvlianis J, Ota I, Zoukhri D, Dartt DA. Roles of protein kinase C, Ca2+, Pyk2, and c-Src in agonist activation of rat lacrimal gland p42/p44 MAPK. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006 Aug;47(8):3352–9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
116. Ocaranza MP, Godoy I, Jalil JE, Varas M, Collantes P, Pinto M, et al. Enalapril attenuates downregulation of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the late phase of ventricular dysfunction in myocardial infarcted rat. Hypertension. 2006 Oct;48(4):572–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
117. Wang Y-X, Ding Y-J, Zhu Y-Z, Shi Y, Yao T, Zhu Y-C. Role of PKC in the novel synergistic action of urotensin II and angiotensin II and in urotensin II-induced vasoconstriction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Jan;292(1):H348-59. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
118. Fu Y-C, Yin S-C, Chi C-S, Hwang B, Hsu S-L. Norepinephrine induces apoptosis in neonatal rat endothelial cells via a ROS-dependent JNK activation pathway. Apoptosis. 2006 Nov;11(11):2053–63. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
119. Rogel A, Bromberg Y, Sperling O, Zoref-Shani E. The neuroprotective adenosine-activated signal transduction pathway involves activation of phospholipase C. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids. 2006;25(9–11):1283–6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
120. Chaturvedi LS, Marsh HM, Shang X, Zheng Y, Basson MD. Repetitive deformation activates focal adhesion kinase and ERK mitogenic signals in human Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells through Src and Rac1. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jan 5;282(1):14–28. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
121. Stragier B, Demaegdt H, De Bundel D, Smolders I, Sarre S, Vauquelin G, et al. Involvement of insulin-regulated aminopeptidase and/or aminopeptidase N in the angiotensin IV-induced effect on dopamine release in the striatum of the rat. Brain Res. 2007 Feb 2;1131(1):97–105. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
122. Carini R, Alchera E, Baldanzi G, Piranda D, Splendore R, Grazia De Cesaris M, et al. Role of p38 map kinase in glycine-induced hepatocyte resistance to hypoxic injury. J Hepatol. 2007 Apr;46(4):692–9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
123. Kotlo K, Hughes DE, Herrera VLM, Ruiz-Opazo N, Costa RH, Robey RB, et al. Functional polymorphism of the Anpep gene increases promoter activity in the Dahl salt-resistant rat. Hypertension. 2007 Mar;49(3):467–72. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
124. Cerezo-Guisado MI, Alvarez-Barrientos A, Argent R, García-Marín LJ, Bragado MJ, Lorenzo MJ. c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase signalling pathway mediates lovastatin-induced rat brain neuroblast apoptosis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Feb;1771(2):164–76. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
125. Stempelj M, Kedinger M, Augenlicht L, Klampfer L. Essential role of the JAK/STAT1 signaling pathway in the expression of inducible nitric-oxide synthase in intestinal epithelial cells and its regulation by butyrate. J Biol Chem. 2007 Mar 30;282(13):9797–804. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
126. Trask AJ, Averill DB, Ganten D, Chappell MC, Ferrario CM. Primary role of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 in cardiac production of angiotensin-(1-7) in transgenic Ren-2 hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Jun;292(6):H3019-24. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
127. Aiello S, Cassis P, Cassis L, Tomasoni S, Benigni A, Pezzotta A, et al. DnIKK2-transfected dendritic cells induce a novel population of inducible nitric oxide synthase-expressing CD4+CD25- cells with tolerogenic properties. Transplantation. 2007 Feb 27;83(4):474–84. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
128. Mustonen H, Hietaranta A, Puolakkainen P, Kemppainen E, Paimela H, Kiviluoto T, et al. Ethanol induced NF-{kappa}B activation protects against cell injury in cultured rat gastric mucosal epithelium. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2007 Jun;292(6):G1614-21. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
129. Kokkinos MI, Brown HJ, de Iongh RU. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression and activation during lens development. Mol Vis. 2007 Mar 26;13:418–30. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
130. Fontan E, Traincard F, Levy SG, Yamaoka S, Véron M, Agou F. NEMO oligomerization in the dynamic assembly of the IkappaB kinase core complex. FEBS J. 2007 May;274(10):2540–51. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
131. Whaley-Connell A, Govindarajan G, Habibi J, Hayden MR, Cooper SA, Wei Y, et al. Angiotensin II-mediated oxidative stress promotes myocardial tissue remodeling in the transgenic (mRen2) 27 Ren2 rat. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jul;293(1):E355-63. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
132. Herschkovitz A, Liu Y-F, Ilan E, Ronen D, Boura-Halfon S, Zick Y. Common inhibitory serine sites phosphorylated by IRS-1 kinases, triggered by insulin and inducers of insulin resistance. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jun 22;282(25):18018–27. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
133. Ronchi FA, Irigoyen M-C, Casarini DE. Association of somatic and N-domain angiotensin-converting enzymes from Wistar rat tissue with renal dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2007 Mar;8(1):34–41. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
134. Becker LK, Etelvino GM, Walther T, Santos RAS, Campagnole-Santos MJ. Immunofluorescence localization of the receptor Mas in cardiovascular-related areas of the rat brain. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Sep;293(3):H1416-24. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
135. Zhang Y, Zhang H, Yuan X, Gu X. Differential effects of phenylalanine on Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA expression and activity in cultured cortical neurons. Pediatr Res. 2007 Jul;62(1):8–13. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
136. Vlahović P, Cvetković T, Nikolić J, Sokolović D. Ethanol inhibitory effect on rat kidney brush border aminopeptidases. Nephron Exp Nephrol. 2007;106(3):e73-6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
137. Banes-Berceli AKL, Ketsawatsomkron P, Ogbi S, Patel B, Pollock DM, Marrero MB. Angiotensin II and endothelin-1 augment the vascular complications of diabetes via JAK2 activation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Aug;293(2):H1291-9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
138. Herath CB, Warner FJ, Lubel JS, Dean RG, Jia Z, Lew RA, et al. Upregulation of hepatic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and angiotensin-(1-7) levels in experimental biliary fibrosis. J Hepatol. 2007 Sep;47(3):387–95. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
139. Seyfried J, Wüllner U. Inhibition of thioredoxin reductase induces apoptosis in neuronal cell lines: role of glutathione and the MKK4/JNK pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Aug 3;359(3):759–64. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
140. Polk WW, Ellis ME, Kushleika JV, Simmonds PL, Woods JS. RhoA regulation of NF-kappaB activation is mediated by COX-2-dependent feedback inhibition of IKK in kidney epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007 Sep;293(3):C1160-70. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
141. Li C, Wang X, Vais H, Thompson CB, Foskett JK, White C. Apoptosis regulation by Bcl-x(L) modulation of mammalian inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor channel isoform gating. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jul 24;104(30):12565–70. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
142. Bouallegue A, Daou GB, Srivastava AK. Nitric oxide attenuates endothelin-1-induced activation of ERK1/2, PKB, and Pyk2 in vascular smooth muscle cells by a cGMP-dependent pathway. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Oct;293(4):H2072-9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
143. Siragy HM, Inagami T, Carey RM. NO and cGMP mediate angiotensin AT2 receptor-induced renal renin inhibition in young rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007 Oct;293(4):R1461-7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
144. Inukai T, Osuka K, Takagi T, Usuda N, Yoshida J, Takayasu M. Activation of c-jun in the rat basilar artery after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosci Lett. 2007 Sep 13;424(3):175–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
145. Rider L, Shatrova A, Feener EP, Webb L, Diakonova M. JAK2 tyrosine kinase phosphorylates PAK1 and regulates PAK1 activity and functions. J Biol Chem. 2007 Oct 19;282(42):30985–96. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
146. Rivera P, Ocaranza MP, Lavandero S, Jalil JE. Rho kinase activation and gene expression related to vascular remodeling in normotensive rats with high angiotensin I converting enzyme levels. Hypertension. 2007 Oct;50(4):792–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
147. Ansar S, Vikman P, Nielsen M, Edvinsson L. Cerebrovascular ETB, 5-HT1B, and AT1 receptor upregulation correlates with reduction in regional CBF after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Dec;293(6):H3750-8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
148. Bertazolli-Filho R, Coca-Prados M, Haddad A, Laicine EM. Molecular analysis of neurolysin expression in the rat and bovine ciliary body. Curr Eye Res. 2007 Sep;32(9):751–6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
149. Bao J-X, Zhang L-F, Ma J. Angiotensinogen and AT1R expression in cerebral and femoral arteries during hindlimb unloading in rats. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2007 Sep;78(9):852–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
150. Augustyniak RA, Maliszewska-Scislo M, Chen H, Fallucca J, Rossi NF. Acute angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition evokes bradykinin-induced sympathetic activation in diabetic rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007 Dec;293(6):R2260-6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
151. Takeda Y, Zhu A, Yoneda T, Usukura M, Takata H, Yamagishi M. Effects of aldosterone and angiotensin II receptor blockade on cardiac angiotensinogen and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats. Am J Hypertens. 2007 Oct;20(10):1119–24. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
152. Abdelmohsen K, Sauerbier E, Ale-Agha N, Beier J, Walter P, Galban S, et al. Epidermal growth factor- and stress-induced loss of gap junctional communication is mediated by ERK-1/ERK-2 but not ERK-5 in rat liver epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Dec 14;364(2):313–7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
153. Hobara N, Goda M, Yoshida N, Takatori S, Kitamura Y, Mio M, et al. Angiotensin II type 2 receptors facilitate reinnervation of phenol-lesioned vascular calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing nerves in rat mesenteric arteries. Neuroscience. 2007 Dec 12;150(3):730–41. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
154. de Gortari P, Vargas MA, Martínez A, García-Vázquez AI, Uribe RM, Chávez-Gutiérrez L, et al. Stage-specific modulation of neprilysin and aminopeptidase N in the limbic system during kindling progression. J Mol Neurosci. 2007;33(3):252–61. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
155. Mustafa SB, Castro R, Falck AJ, Petershack JA, Henson BM, Mendoza YM, et al. Protein kinase A and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways mediate cAMP induction of alpha-epithelial Na+ channels (alpha-ENaC). J Cell Physiol. 2008 Apr;215(1):101–10. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
156. Haworth RS, Roberts NA, Cuello F, Avkiran M. Regulation of protein kinase D activity in adult myocardium: novel counter-regulatory roles for protein kinase Cepsilon and protein kinase A. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2007 Dec;43(6):686–95. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
157. Ballard-Croft C, Locklar AC, Keith BJ, Mentzer RM Jr, Lasley RD. Oxidative stress and adenosine A1 receptor activation differentially modulate subcellular cardiomyocyte MAPKs. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008 Jan;294(1):H263-71. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
158. Rafiq K, Hanscom M, Valerie K, Steinberg SF, Sabri A. Novel mode for neutrophil protease cathepsin G-mediated signaling: membrane shedding of epidermal growth factor is required for cardiomyocyte anoikis. Circ Res. 2008 Jan 4;102(1):32–41. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
159. Neves LAA, Stovall K, Joyner J, Valdés G, Gallagher PE, Ferrario CM, et al. ACE2 and ANG-(1-7) in the rat uterus during early and late gestation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2008 Jan;294(1):R151-61. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
160. Cieslak D, Lazou A. Regulation of BAD protein by PKA, PKCdelta and phosphatases in adult rat cardiac myocytes subjected to oxidative stress. Mol Cells. 2007 Oct 31;24(2):224–31. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
161. Huffman LC, Koch SE, Butler KL. Coronary effluent from a preconditioned heart activates the JAK-STAT pathway and induces cardioprotection in a donor heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008 Jan;294(1):H257-62. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
162. Sánchez-López E, Rodriguez-Vita J, Cartier C, Rupérez M, Esteban V, Carvajal G, et al. Inhibitory effect of interleukin-1beta on angiotensin II-induced connective tissue growth factor and type IV collagen production in cultured mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2008 Jan;294(1):F149-60. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
163. Guo Z, Jiang H, Xu X, Duan W, Mattson MP. Leptin-mediated cell survival signaling in hippocampal neurons mediated by JAK STAT3 and mitochondrial stabilization. J Biol Chem. 2008 Jan 18;283(3):1754–63. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
164. Fraga-Silva RA, Pinheiro SVB, Gonçalves ACC, Alenina N, Bader M, Santos RAS. The antithrombotic effect of angiotensin-(1-7) involves mas-mediated NO release from platelets. Mol Med. 2008;14(1–2):28–35. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
165. Shi S, Li Y. Interaction of signal transduction between angiotensin AT1 and AT2 receptor subtypes in rat senescent heart. Chin Med J (Engl). 2007 Oct 20;120(20):1820–4. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
166. Heikkilä HM, Lätti S, Leskinen MJ, Hakala JK, Kovanen PT, Lindstedt KA. Activated mast cells induce endothelial cell apoptosis by a combined action of chymase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008 Feb;28(2):309–14. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
167. Gao L, Wang W, Wang W, Li H, Sumners C, Zucker IH. Effects of angiotensin type 2 receptor overexpression in the rostral ventrolateral medulla on blood pressure and urine excretion in normal rats. Hypertension. 2008 Feb;51(2):521–7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
168. Padia SH, Kemp BA, Howell NL, Fournie-Zaluski M-C, Roques BP, Carey RM. Conversion of renal angiotensin II to angiotensin III is critical for AT2 receptor-mediated natriuresis in rats. Hypertension. 2008 Feb;51(2):460–5. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
169. Palm F, Connors SG, Mendonca M, Welch WJ, Wilcox CS. Angiotensin II type 2 receptors and nitric oxide sustain oxygenation in the clipped kidney of early Goldblatt hypertensive rats. Hypertension. 2008 Feb;51(2):345–51. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
170. Tsai C-T, Lai L-P, Kuo K-T, Hwang J-J, Hsieh C-S, Hsu K-L, et al. Angiotensin II activates signal transducer and activators of transcription 3 via Rac1 in atrial myocytes and fibroblasts: implication for the therapeutic effect of statin in atrial structural remodeling. Circulation. 2008 Jan 22;117(3):344–55. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
171. Olson ER, Shamhart PE, Naugle JE, Meszaros JG. Angiotensin II-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation is mediated by protein kinase Cdelta and intracellular calcium in adult rat cardiac fibroblasts. Hypertension. 2008 Mar;51(3):704–11. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
172. Veerappan A, Reid AC, Estephan R, O’Connor N, Thadani-Mulero M, Salazar-Rodriguez M, et al. Mast cell renin and a local renin-angiotensin system in the airway: role in bronchoconstriction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jan 29;105(4):1315–20. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
173. van den Brink OWV, Delbridge LMD, Pedrazzini T, Rosenfeldt FL, Pepe S. Augmented myocardial methionine-enkephalin in a murine model of cardiac angiotensin II-overexpression. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2007 Dec;8(4):153–9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
174. Mecawi A de S, Lepletier A, Araujo IG de, Olivares EL, Reis LC. Assessment of brain AT1-receptor on the nocturnal basal and angiotensin-induced thirst and sodium appetite in ovariectomised rats. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2007 Dec;8(4):169–75. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
175. Der Sarkissian S, Grobe JL, Yuan L, Narielwala DR, Walter GA, Katovich MJ, et al. Cardiac overexpression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 protects the heart from ischemia-induced pathophysiology. Hypertension. 2008 Mar;51(3):712–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
176. Jackson EK, Gillespie DG, Zhu C, Ren J, Zacharia LC, Mi Z. Alpha2-adrenoceptors enhance angiotensin II-induced renal vasoconstriction: role for NADPH oxidase and RhoA. Hypertension. 2008 Mar;51(3):719–26. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
177. Zhao Z-S, Manser E. PAK family kinases: Physiological roles and regulation. Cell Logist. 2012 Apr 1;2(2):59–68. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia